Traditional goal setting,”Goals are set by top managers and flow down through the organization and become sub-goals for each organizational area. Assumes that top managers know what’s best because they see the big picture.However, turning broad strategic goals into departmental and individual goals can be difficult. Managers at each level apply their own interpretations and biases to goals as they make them more specific.When the hierarchy of goals is clearly defined, it forms a means-end-chain which is an integrated network of goals in which higher-level goals are linked to lower-level goals

Traditional goal setting,”Goals are set by top managers and flow down through the organization and become sub-goals for each organizational area. Assumes that top managers know what’s best because they see the big picture.However, turning broad strategic goals into departmental and individual goals can be difficult. Managers at each level apply their own interpretations and biases to goals as they make them more specific.When the hierarchy of goals is clearly defined, it forms a means-end-chain which is an integrated network of goals in which higher-level goals are linked to lower-level goals

which serve as the means for their accomplishment.”