Category: Management

Traditional goal setting,”Goals are set by top managers and flow down through the organization and become sub-goals for each organizational area. Assumes that top managers know what’s best because they see the big picture.However, turning broad strategic goals into departmental and individual goals can be difficult. Managers at each level apply their own interpretations and biases to goals as they make them more specific.When the hierarchy of goals is clearly defined, it forms a means-end-chain which is an integrated network of goals in which higher-level goals are linked to lower-level goals

Management

Average Rating 0 out of 5 stars. 0 votes.You must log in to submit a review.Traditional goal setting,”Goals are set[…]

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Work specialization (Elements in organizational design). Traditional view and today’s view,”Dividing work activities into separate job tasks. It allows organizations to efficiently use the diversity of skills that workers have.Traditional view. Believed that work specialization could lead to great increases in productivity. In the beginning, this was true. But later, the human boredom, stress, low productivity

Management

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Departmentalization (Elements in organizational design) and 5 types. Traditional view and today’s view,”How jobs are grouped together.Traditional view:1. Functional departmentalization is grouping activities by functions performed. 2. Product departmentalization is grouping activities by major product areas.3. Customer departmentalization: grouping activities by type of customer.4. Geographic departmentalization: based on location served 5. Process departmentalization: grouping activities on the basis of work or customer flow.Today’s view: many organizations nowadays use cross-functional teams

Management

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Authority and responsibility (Elements in organizational design),”Traditional view:the chain of command is the line of authority extending from upper organizational levels to lower levels, clarifying who reports to whom. Authority refers to the rights inherent in a managerial position to give orders and expect the order to be obeyed. Responsibility is when employees are given rights, they also assume a corresponding obligation to perform.Today’s view: today, the early conditions do not exist anymore, and authority is perceived as only one element in the large concept of power. How do authority and power differ: authority is a right, power refers to an individual’s capacity to influence decisions. It is a three dimensional concept, including not only functional and hierarchical dimensions, but also centrality. Centrality is the distance from the power core. It suggests that the higher you move in the organization, the closer to the power core. And, it is not necessary to have authority in order to wield power. Power come from five sources: coercive, reward, legitimate

Management

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