Category: Medicine

Initial stabilization of acute ST-elevation MI?,”- Supplemental oxygen (if SAO2 <90% or dyspnea)- Aspirin 325 mg- P2Y12 inhibitor (eg, clopidogrel)- Nitrates (sublingual)- Beta-blocker (unless hypotension, bradycardia, chronic heart failure, heart block)- High-dose statin (eg, atorvastatin 80 mg)- Anticoagulation (drug depends on planned revascularization)* Pulmonary edema? -> IV furosemide (not if patient is hypotensive or hypovolemic)* Persistent pain, hypertension, or heart failure? -> IV nitroglycerin (not if hypotension, RV infarct

Medicine

Average Rating 0 out of 5 stars. 0 votes.You must log in to submit a review.Initial stabilization of acute ST-elevation[…]

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Lumbar spinal stenosis?,”SS is due to narrowing of the spinal canal, with resulting compression of lumbar nerve roots. The symptoms of SS are posture-dependent. Flexion of the spine causes widening of the spinal canal; extension causes narrowing of the canal. Therefore, the leg pain of lumbar SS is exacerbated by extension of the spine (standing, walking upright) and improved by flexion (sitting, leaning forward). This phenomenon is referred to as “”neurogenic claudication”” as the patient will experience lower-extremity pain with walking that may resemble vascular claudication. Diagnosis of SS is confirmed radiologically with MRI of the spine, and treatment may be conservative (eg, PT, home exercise program) or surgical (eg

Medicine

Average Rating 0 out of 5 stars. 0 votes.You must log in to submit a review.Lumbar spinal stenosis?,”SS is due[…]

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Anemia of chronic disease and iron deficiency?,”Anemia of chronic disease is a disorder of iron utilization that most commonly occurs in the setting of chronic inflammation. It is characterized by normocytic anemia with decreased serum iron, decreased total iron-binding capacity, decreased iron saturation, and normal/elevated serum ferritin. Treating the underlying inflammatory disorder will often improve the anemia. Common inflammatory disorders include infection cancer, autoimmune disorders. Common agents in rheumatoid arthritis treatment include methotrexate, hydroxychloroquine, and tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (eg, infliximab

Medicine

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Acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis?,”Acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis occurs 10-20 days after streptococcal throat or skin infections. It presents with hematuria, hypertension, red cell casts, mild hematuria, and periorbital swelling on physical exam. Another unique feature is very dark urine

Medicine

Average Rating 0 out of 5 stars. 0 votes.You must log in to submit a review.Acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis?,”Acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis[…]

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Pellagra?,”Pellagra is a condition that occurs due to dietary deficiency of niacin. It is most commonly found among people eating corn-based diets in parts of India, Africa, and China. It is characterized by a triad of (3 Ds): Diarrhea, Dermatitis, and Dementia and if untreated eventually leading to Death (4th D). Early symptoms include generalized weakness, irritability, vomiting, abdominal pain

Medicine

Average Rating 0 out of 5 stars. 0 votes.You must log in to submit a review.Pellagra?,”Pellagra is a condition that[…]

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Myocardial infarction location based on coronary vessel involvement?,”RCA occlusion can cause acute inferior and posterior wall myocardial infarctions (MIs). Inferior wall MI presents with ST-segment elevations in the inferior leads (II, III, and aVF). ST-segment depression in leads V1 and V2 in this setting usually suggests a posterior wall MI. Inferior MI is also associated with hypotension, bradycardia

Medicine

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Cor pulmonale?,”Cor pulmonale refers to impaired function of the RV caused by pulmonary hypertension that occurs due to underlying diseases of the lungs (COPD, interstitial lung disease (ILD)), pulmonary vasculature (idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension), or obstructive sleep apnea. By convention, RV dysfunction due to Left heart disease or congenital heart disease is not considered cor pulmonale. Signs of RV failure include:- Elevated jugular venous pressure- RV 3rd heart sound- Tricuspid regurgitation murmur- Hepatomegaly with pulsatile liver- Lower-extremity edema, ascites

Medicine

Average Rating 0 out of 5 stars. 0 votes.You must log in to submit a review.Cor pulmonale?,”Cor pulmonale refers to[…]

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CN V (trigeminal nerve) sensory deficit?,”CN V contains sensory fibers in its 3 branches; the V3 (mandibular) branch also contains motor fibers. The V1 (ophthalmic) branch carries sensory fibers to the scalp, forehead, upper eyelid, conjunctiva, cornea, nose, and frontal sinuses. Damage to the V1 branch causes corneal anesthesia. Common causes of CN V dysfunction include tumor, trauma

Medicine

Average Rating 0 out of 5 stars. 0 votes.You must log in to submit a review.CN V (trigeminal nerve) sensory[…]

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