Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) ?,”BPH typically affects men age >50 and is the most common cause of lower urinary tract obstruction in these patients. BPH usually causes lower urinary tract symptoms (eg, increased frequency, urgency, weak stream, nocturia) and a sense of incomplete voiding. Medical treatment for BPH includes alpha-1-blockers (eg, tamsulosin, doxazosin) alone or in combination with 5-alpha reductase inhibitors (eg

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Uncomplicated cystitis?,”In patients with suggestive clinical findings (eg, dysuria, urgency, suprapubic tenderness), urinalysis will confirm diagnosis and patients can be treated without urine culture. Culture is reserved for those who fail initial therapy. Preferred treatment options include trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (3 days), nitrofurantoin (5 days), and fosfomycin (single dose). Fluoroquinolones are also effective but are typically reserved for patients who cannot take the above options (eg

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