things to remember,”The population of North America is changing indistribution and becoming more diverse. North Americans are highly mobile. Every year, for avariety of reasons, almost one-fifth of the U.S.population and two fifths of the Canadian populationmove to a different location. North America’s population is rapidly aging, and by2050, one in five people will be over the age of 65.There will be fewer young people to work, pay taxes,and take care of the elderly. Birth rates in North America declined significantly afterthe 1960s as women chose to obtain more educationand pursue careers

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strong human resources,”New England today thrives on service- and knowledge-based industries thatrequire skilled and educated workers.• The Boston area has capitalized on its supply of university graduates to becomeNorth America’s second-most-important high-technology center, afterCalifornia’s Silicon Valley.• Although cities (such as Boston, Providence, and Hartford) have long beenimportant in the region

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Quebec,”is the most culturally distinct subregion in all of North America.• The Québécois are sensitive to discrimination in Canada and periodically lobbyactively for sovereignty.• In Québec there is disagreement between the First Nation population (Cree) andthe Québécois over development of the subregion’s rich oil and mineralresources, but there is large public support for energy independence.• In the seventeenth century, France encouraged its citizens to settle in Canada.By 1760, there were 65,000 French settlers in Canada.• Through the first half of the twentieth century, Québec remained a land offarmers eking out a living on poor soils similar to those of New England and theAtlantic Provinces, growing only enough food to support their families. AfterWorld War II, Québec’s economy grew steadily, propelled by increasing demandfor the natural resources of northern Québec, such as timber, iron ore

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The Quiet Revolution,”• The Québécois resisted the disparagement of French culture andefforts to block access to education and economic participation. Inthe 1970s, the Québécois pushed for more autonomy from Canadaand then for outright national sovereignty (separation from Canada).• By 2009, a new, more articulate and less radical movement hademerged among young adults, seeking Québécois control over allmanner of social policies and even over foreign policy. Specifically

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Cree First Nation,”Québec extends north into areasaround Hudson Bay that are rich intimber and mineral deposits (iron ore,copper, and oil) and are also thehomelands of many First Nationgroups (see Figure 2.41B).• Although these are the native lands ofthe Algonquin-speaking First Nations(primarily Cree), the Québecprovincial government has legalcontrol of resources in order to runmineral-processing plants.• The First Nation people protested theclear-cutting of their forests for paperproduction, the diversion of pristinerivers for hydropower dams

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loss of economic dominance,”The Old Economic Core is less than five percent of the North American land area,but as recently as 1975, its industries produced more than 70% of thecontinent’s steel, and the subregion was a leader in motor vehicle production.• The industrial economy of this region has gone into severe decline. Cities likeDetroit and Cleveland have suffered near economic collapse due to a decline inmanufacturing.• Some of the region’s largest cities, such as New York, Toronto, and Chicago,continue to prosper because of their strong service industries that connect themto regional and global economies.• After World War II, industrial jobs drew millions of rural men and women, bothblack and white, from the South to the industrial core. Many of their sons anddaughters, now without work and without funds to retrain or relocate

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